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Applied Scientist Operations Research Interview Questions

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14 applied scientist operations research interview questions shared by candidates

Problem: Top K Most Similar Documents You are given: an integer array queryEmb of length D, representing a query embedding a 2D integer array docEmbs of size N x D, representing N document embeddings an integer k All embeddings are already L2-normalized. The cosine similarity between two normalized vectors is equal to their dot product. Return the indices of the k documents with the highest cosine similarity to queryEmb, ordered from most similar to least similar. If k > N, return all document indices sorted by similarity. Function Signature def topKSimilar(queryEmb: np.ndarray, docEmbs: np.ndarray, k: int) -> np.ndarray
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Applied Research Scientist

Interviewed at Microsoft

4★
Mar 21, 2026

Problem: Top K Most Similar Documents You are given: an integer array queryEmb of length D, representing a query embedding a 2D integer array docEmbs of size N x D, representing N document embeddings an integer k All embeddings are already L2-normalized. The cosine similarity between two normalized vectors is equal to their dot product. Return the indices of the k documents with the highest cosine similarity to queryEmb, ordered from most similar to least similar. If k > N, return all document indices sorted by similarity. Function Signature def topKSimilar(queryEmb: np.ndarray, docEmbs: np.ndarray, k: int) -> np.ndarray

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